It's hardly accurate to describe the Improved Order of Red Men
as the first Native American order--they didn't admit
Native Americans. But they were at least among the earliest
American orders not imported from somewhere else.
Founded in 1834, the Order of Red Men traces its origin to
certain secret Patriotic Societies founded before the
American Revolution. They were established to promote Liberty
and to defy the tyranny of the English Crown. Among the early
groups were: The Sons of Liberty, Sons of Tamina and the
Red Men.
On December 16, 1773 a group of men, all members of the
Sons of Liberty, met in Boston to protest the tax on tea imposed
by England. When their protest went unheeded, they disguised
themselves as Mohawk Indians, proceeded to Boston harbor
and dumped overboard 342 chests of English tea.
During the Revolutionary War, members of secret societies
quenched their council fires and took up muskets to join with the
Continental Army. To the cause of Freedom and Liberty, they
pledged their lives, their fortunes and sacred honors. At the end
of the hard fought war, the American Republic was born and
was soon acknowledged among the Nations of the world.
Following the Revolution the various secret societies founded
before and during the conflict continued in existence as
brotherhoods or fraternities.
For the next 35 years each group went its own way, under many
different names. In 1813, at historic Fort Mifflin, near Philadelphia,
several of these groups came together and formed one organization
known as the Society of Red Men.
At Baltimore, Maryland, in 1847, the various local tribes came
together andformed a national organization called the Grand
Council of the United States. With the formation of a national organization,
the Order of Red Men soon spread, and within 30 years there were
State Great Councils in 21 states with a membership of over 150,000.
The Order continued to grow and by 1920, tribes in 46 states
amounted to a membership of over one half million.