EXPLANATIONS OF THE PLATES.

 

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NOTE. This and the following pages are numbered in  the same series with the Explanations, &c.  of the first and second volumes.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

EXPLANATION OF THE PLATES.

 

 

PLATE XXXIX.

_________

 

FIGURES 1, 2.

Represent a line of eight battalions ploying themselves into close column by division, on the first of the fifth battalion, right in front.

(No. 1785, and following, and No. 1801, and following.)

The fifth and fourth battalions have ployed themselves, from a halt, on the directing division—the fifth in its rear, and the fourth in its front.

The three right battalions have each ployed itself, from a halt, in front of its fourth (or last) division. This division faced to the left with the others, and the moment that the left guide of the first arrived abreast with the other guides the battalion put itself in march in order to take its place in column in front of’ the di­recting battalion.

The lieutenant colonel, placed by the side of the fourth division, has directed it diagonally towards the point (A,) when at sixteen paces from the column, op­posite to which point the battalion entered.

The other divisions have conformed themselves to the movement of the fourth, and have marched abreast with it, preserving the distance of six (or five) paces between their guides.

The fourth, and the other divisions successively, each on arriving opposite to the point (A,) has so directed itself as to enter the column parallelly with the divi­sions already established.

Each chief has halted his division on the arrival of Its guide opposite to the guides of the column; at halt­ing, each guide, facing to the rear, has placed himself on the direction of the guides already established, and, on the formation of the whole battalion, the colonel has caused the guides to face about.

 

 

 

EXPLANATION OF THE PLATES.

 

Each of the three left battalions has ployed itself from a halt in rear of its first division according to the same principles, and then marched diagonally towards its point of entrance into the column, in rear of the directing battalion.

Figure 1 represents the commencement of the movement; the fifth, fourth, third and sixth battalions, have already taken their positions in the column; the second and seventh are entering, and the first and eighth are in march towards their places.

Figure 2 represents the movement ended.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

EXPLANATION OF THE PLATES.

 

PLATE XL.

___________

 

FIGURES 1, 2.

Represent a column of eight battalions, closed in mass, by division, right in front, executing a change of direction to the right, by the front of divisions.

(No. 1879, and following.)

The column having arrived at the point A.,where the movement ought to commence, has taken the guide to the right.

The leading guide, as he successively arrived at the points A, K,  E, H, B, has marched directly on the points D, F,G, M, C; each of the other guides has follow­ed exactly the trace of the one immediately preced­ing, and has changed the direction of his shoulders at the same points. The divisions have conformed them-. selves by degrees to the movements of their respective guides.

Figure 1 represents the movement commenced; the seventh and eighth battalions are yet on the old direction.

Figure 2 represents the movement towards its close; the first three battalions are already on the final direction B C; the divisions of the first march in a square with that direction.

 

FIGURE 3.

Represents a column of six battalions closed in mass by division, which changes direction to the right, by the front of divisions, after extending distances between battalions to forty paces.

(No. 1870, and following.)

The column has bean halted a few paces short of the point at which the change of direction ought to commence.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

EXPLANATION OF THE PLATES.

 

The leading battalion has put itself in march, taking the guide to the left, and has changed direction to the right, by the front of divisions, in the manner indicated School of the Battalion.

Each of the other colonels has, in succession, put his battalion in march the moment it had its distance of forty paces from the battalion immediately preceding; he has then caused it to change direction as just pre­scribed.

The first battalion having marched in the new direc­tion, a distance equal to the depth of the whole column closed in mass, has been halted; the second begins to close on it.

The third and fourth battalions are in the act of executing the change; the fifth and sixth have not yet arrived atthe wheeling point.

A represents the column halted before the commencement of the movement.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

EXPLANATION OF THE PLATES.

 

PLATE XLL.

__________

 

FIGURE1.

Represents a column of six battalions, by company, at full distance, right in front, arriving behind the right of the line of battle, and forming itself upon it, for­ward, into line of battle.

(No. 1972 and following, and No. 1983 and following.)

The general-in-chief has determined the direction of the line of battle, and halted the column at company distance from that line.

The lieutenant colonel of the leading battalion has placed on the line two markers (h d)—the first at the point of appui for the right, the second at company distance from the first

The general (k), placed some paces from the right of the line, has sent two mounted officers (m n) to post themselves at the respective points of appui for the right of the second and third battalions. These offi­cers have been successively aligned by the general on the markers placed before the head of the column, and, as soon as correctly established, the general caused the movement to commence.

The first battalion has, from the halt, formed itself forward, into line of battle.

Each of the other battalions, taking the guide to the right, has broken from the column by a wheel to the left, and bas then directed itself towards the point (g), opposite to its point of appui (h), but in rear of the latter by at least the depth of the battalion-column.

The head of the second battalion having arrived at (g), its leading company and the others, in succession, have turned to the right in order to approach the line ofbattle perpendicularly; the leading guide has di­rected himself on the mounted officer posted at the point of appui for the right of the battalion.

 

 

 

 

EXPLANATION OF THE PLATES.

 

At a hundred and forty paces from the line, the lieutenant colonel detached himself for the purpose of replacing the mounted officer (m), when the latter set off at a gallop, to post himself in rear of (n) at the point of appui for the right of the fourth battalion. The lieutenant colonel has immediately placed two markers on the line for his leading company.

The head of the second battalion being at company distance from the markers, its colonel has halted and formed it forward, into line of battle.

Each following battalion has executed its movement in like manner.

Two representations of this line of battle are in the figure, in order to show how the general places himself for establishing the mounted officers (m n) on that line.

The first three battalions are formed on the line; their guides have been ordered in; but their colours remain in front

The fourth battalion is finishing its movement. The fifth has commenced its change of direction for the purpose of approaching the line of battle perpendicularly; its lieutenant colonel, when at one hundred and forty paces, detached himself in order to replace the officer (n) where the right of the battalion will rest; he then established the two markers for the headmost company. The moment the lieutenant colonel left the head of the column, he was replaced by the major.

The sixth battalion yet marches diagonally.

 

FIGURE 2

Represents a column of six battalions, by company, at full distance, right in front, arriving before the right of the line, and forming itself upon it, faced to the rear, into line of battle

(No. 1990 and following.)

The direction of the line of battle having been traced, and the column halted at company-distance from

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

EXPLANATION OF THE PLATES.

 

that line; the first battalion has, from a halt, formed it­self faced to the rear, into line of battle; each of the ether battalions, taking the guide to the left, has broken by a wheel to the right, in order to direct itself towards the point where it ought to turn to the left, for the purpose of approaching the line perpendicularly be­fore forming itself faced to the rear, into line of battle.

The second battalion is already formed; the third is ready for forming, having been halted at company-dis­tance from the line; the fourth has commenced its change of direction; Its lieutenant colonel has thrown himself on the line, and the mounted officer (m) is galloping towards the point of appui for the right of the fifth battalion. The lieutenant colonel of the fourth, has placed two markers before the position to be oc­cupied his leading company

The fifth and sixth battalions are in march.

 

 

 

 

EXPLANATION OF THE PLATES.

 

 

PLATE XLII.

___________

 

FIGURE 1.

Represents a column of six battalions, by company, at full distance, right in front, arriving behind the centre of the line of battle, and forming itself upon it, to the left, and forward, into line of battle.

(No. 2001 and following.)

The column has been halted at the moment that the fourth · company, fourth battalion, had entered on the new direction.

The first three battalions and the four right companies of the fourth, have formed to the left, into line of battle; the four left companies of the fourth, and the fifth and sixth battalions, have formed forward, into line of battle; the four left companies of the fourth and the fifth battalion have executed their movement, from a halt, on the fifth company (from the right) of the fourth battalion which has marched straight up to the line of battle.

The sixth battalion has broken by a wheel to the left, and has marched diagonally towards the point at which it has changed direction in order to approach the line of battle perpendicularly.

The line of battle is twice represented, in order to exhibit the march of the general guides on this line, and that of the column four paces within these guides

 

FIGURE 2.

Represents a column of six battalions, by company, at full distance, right in front, arriving before the centre of the line of battle, and forming itself upon it to the left, and faced to the rear, into line of battle.

(No. 2007 and following.)

This movement is the same as the last, except that the companies and the battalions which, at halting the column, had not entered on the new direction, form themselves faced to the rear, into line of battle.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

EXPLANATION OF THE PLATES.

 

PLATE XLIII.

_____________

 

FIGURE 1.

Represents a column of five battalions, by company, at full distance, right in front, forming itself faced to the front, into tine of battle, on the headmost company, third battalion.

(No. 2018, and following.)

The column being halted, the general has establish­ed two markers—one before the right, and the other before the left file of the headmost company, third bat­talion, and has ordered the colonel of the second to place two others, on the same alignment, at company distance apart, and so as to leave an interval of twenty two p aces between the third and second battalions.

The third battalion, and those in its rear, have formed themselves forward, into line of battle, on the head company of the third.

The first two battalions have executed a countermarch and have formed themselves faced to the rear, into line of battle, on the last company, second battalion. The third and second have already established them­selves on the line; the fourth and first have each nearly finished its movement; the fifth has commenced a change of direction in order to march perpendicularly up to the line of battle.

 

FIGURE 2.

Represents a column of five battalions by company, right in front, forming itself faced to the rear, into line of battle, on the headmost company, third battalion.

(No. 2022, and following.)

The general has established two markers before the headmost company, third battalion, and has ordered the colonel of the second to place two others, on the same

 

 

 

 

EXPLANATION OF THE PLATES.

 

alignment, leaving between the battalions the interval of twenty-two paces.

The third battalion, and those in its rear, have form­ed faced to the rear, into line of battle, on the headmost company of the third.

The first two battalions have executed a counter­march, and have formed forward, into line of battle, on the last company, second battalion.

The third and second battalions have each finished its movement; the fourth and first have each nearly finished its, and the fifth is yet in march.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

EXPLANATION OF THE PLATES.

 

 PLATE XLIV.

_____________

 

Represents a column of eight battalions closed in mass, ,by division, right in front, deploying itself by battalion in mass, on the fifth battalion.

FIGURES 1, 2.

(No. 2037, and following.)

The column having been halted three paces within the line of battle, the general has caused to be placed two markers before the headmost division, the first op­posite to its right, and the second, opposite to its left file, and he has despatched two mounted officers (m n) to place themselves on the alignment of those markers a little beyond the respective points to which the right and left of the line will extend.

The first four battalions have faced to the right, the last three to the left. These battalions have all put them­selves in march for the purpose of deploying; the first di­vision, first battalion, conducted by the lieutenant colo­nel, has so directed itself as to pass three paces within the line marked by the officer (m) The other divisions have regulated themselves on the first, have marched abreast with it, preserving the distance of six (or five) paces between their guides, and nine paces from the last guide of one battalion, to the first guide of the next.

The battalions which deploy by the left flank have regulated themselves on the sixth; the first division of this battalion, conducted by the lieutenant colonel, has directed itself parallelly to the line of battle.

The fifth battalion, has, as soon as unmasked put itself in march, taking the guide to the left, in order to march up to the line of battle; it has been halted three paces within this line, and aligned by the left against the markers which had been placed before the head­most division.

 

 

 

EXPLANATION OF THE PLATES.

 

The chief of the first division, fifth battalion, after having aligned it, has placed himself on the right of its front rank, and the right guide has stepped back into the rear rank.

The colonel of the fourth battalion has, himself halt­ed, at twenty two paces from the right flank of co­lumn, to see his battalion file past; the left guides having passed him, he immediately halted the battalion, caused it to face to the front, and, as soon as unmasked, he marched it forward, halted it, three paces within the line of battle, and aligned it by the left against the markers previously placed by the lieutenant colonel.

The other battalions, which deploy by the right, have been conducted to their positions in like manner; the colonel of each has himself; halted at twenty-two paces from the right flank of the battalion which finds itself to his left.

The colonel of the sixth has, himself; halted twenty-two paces from the left flank of the column, to see his battalion file past; the right guides having passed him, he immediately caused the battalion to face to the right, in marching, in order to conduct it towards the line of battle, has halted it three paces within this line, and aligned it by the right against the markers previously placed by its lieutenant colonel.

The other battalions, which deploy by the left, have been conducted to their positions in like manner; the colonel of each has, himself; halted at twenty-two paces from the left flank of the battalion which is next to the right of his own.

FIGURE 1, represents the movement commenced; the fifth and fourth battalions are already on the line the sixth and third have been halted three paces within, and are ready to be dressed up on it; the second battalion waits to he unmasked by the first, which yet marches by the flank in order to approach the line; the seventh and eighth battalions are marching forward for that purpose.

 

 

 

 

 

EXPLANATION OF THE PLATES.

 

Figure 2 represents the movement  ended.

 

FIGURES 3, 4.

Represent a column of eight battalions, closed in mass, by division, right in front, deploying itself on the sixth bat­talion, by establishing the line of battle on this batta­lion.

(No. 2069, and following.)

The genera1 has placed two markers before the head­most division of the sixth battalion, and has ordered two mounted officers to throw themselves on the align­ment of those markers a little beyond the respective points to which the right and left of the line will extend.

The colonel of the sixth battalion has aligned it by the left against the two markers. The first five batta­lions, which are in front of the line of battle, have faced by the rear rank, and then to the left; the last division, fifth battalion, has directed itself parallelly to the line of battle; the other divisions have regulated themselves on that, and have marched abreast with it.

The colonel of the fifth has, himself; halted at twen­ty-two paces from the right flank of the column, to see his battalion file past; the left guides having passed him, he has immediately caused his battalion to face to the right, in marching, has directed it across the line of battle, and when the front rank, first division, was three paces beyond, he halted and faced his battalion by the front rank and aligned it by the left.

The other battalions, which deploy to the right, have been conducted in like manner; the colonel of each has, himself; halted at twenty-two paces from the right flank of the battalion which ought to find itself to the left of his own.

The last two battalions have faced to the left, and have deployed by the means indicated in the preceding figures.

Figure 3 represents this movement commenced; the

 

 

 

 

EXPLANATION OF THE PLATES.

 

last four battalions are already established on the line, the fourth which has passed it, and which has been faced by the front rank, is ready to be dressed up against its markers; the third has just faced to the right to cross the line; the second and first still march by the flank.

Figure 4 represents the movement ended.

 

FIGURES 5, 6, 7.

Represent a line of eight battalions deployed by mass, with intervals of twenty-two paces between them, and deploying the masses on the first division, fifth battalion.

(No. 2110, and following.)

The general has caused two markers to be placed before the head of the fifth battalion, and has ordered the colonel of the fourth to place two before his batta­lion on the alignment of the first two. At the same time, two mounted officers (m n) have thrown, them­selves on the line, a little beyond the respective points to which the right and left will extend.

These dispositions made, the general has caused the deployment to begin.

The fifth and fourth battalions have deployed them selves, from the halt—the former on its first division, the other on its last.

The battalions to the right, deploy themselves by the right flank, each on its last division; the battalions to the left, by the left, each on its first division.

The first division, first battalion, and the first of the eighth each conducted by its lieutenant colonel, direct­ed itself parallelly to the line of battle, so as to pass three paces within the line marked by the officers (m n) at the extremities of that line, and the first division of all the other battalions marched exactly in the trace of the division which preceded it.

Figure 5 represents the commencement of the movement; markers have been placed before the heads of

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

EXPLANATION OF THE PLATES.

 

the fifth and fourth battalions, and the mounted officers (m n) have been established.

Figure 6 represents the movement in progress; the four centre battalions have fully deployed themselves; the second and seventh have commenced the deploy­ment; the first and eighth march by the flank.

Figure 7 represents the movement ended.

 

FIGURES 8, 9.

Represent a column of four battalions, closed in mass by division, right in front, deploying themselves on the last division, second battalion.

(No. 2133, and following.)

The first two battalions have deployed themselves by the right flank, on the last division, second battalion; this division, which has stood fast, has been conducted up to the line of battle as soon as it was unmasked.

The third and fourth battalions have deployed them­selves by the left flank. The colonel of the third, as soon as he has taken twenty-two paces from the left flank of the column, has, himself halted to see his battalion file past; its right guides having passed, he has caused the battalion to face to the right, in marching, in order to conduct it towards the line of battle; he has then halted it three paces within that line, and has deployed it on its first division.

The fourth battalion has continued to march by the flank, until its right guides were opposite to the point of appui for its right; it then approached the line of battle and deployed itself like the third.

Figure 8 represents the movement commenced; the second battalion is partly deployed; the first marches by the flank. The third, after being unmasked, and after taking its interval of twenty-two paces, has marched up to the line and has commenced the deployment; the fourth still marches by the flank.

Figure 9 represents the movement ended.

 

 

 

EXPLANATION OF THE PLATES.

 

PLATE XLV.

________

 

FIGURE 1.

Represents a column of sight battalions, closed in mass by division, right in front, deploying itself by battalion in mass, faced to the left, on the fifth battalion.

(No. 2089 and following, and No. 2103 and following.)

A represents the column closed in mass.

B represents the column which has taken its distances in order to form faced to the left.

D E represent the deployed line faced to the left.

The general, after having determined the direction of the line of battle, has, at six paces from the right flank of the column, caused the colonel of the fifth battalion to establish on that line, two markers, for a change of direction by the right flank.

The colonels of the first four battalions have caused them to take, in front of the directing battalion, divi­sion-distance and four paces, and, after having halted and aligned their battalions by the right, each has caused two markers to be placed for a change of di­rection of his battalion by the right flank; each two markers are on the same alignment with those esta­blished by the general.

An officer, designated by the general, has superin­tended the placing of these markers.

As soon as all the battalions have taken their distances, the general has caused the line of battle to be formed faced to the left, by making each battalion execute a change of direction by the right flank.

In the same figure, E, and F G, represent the same column which has taken its distances, and which is formed in line of battle, by inversion, faced to the right.

 

 

 

 

 

EXPLANATION OF THE PLATES.

 

FIGURE 2.

Represents a line of eight battalions, deployed by mass

marching in advance.

(No. 2150, and following.)

A B represent the line prepared to march in advance.

The general has thrown himself thirty paces in rear of the left guides of the fifth battalion which he has chosen for the directing one and has established the lieutenant colonel on the perpendicular at a like dis­tance in front.

This officer being correctly established, the right general guide has thrown himself six paces in front of the guides, and after being assured on the direc­tion by the lieutenant colonel, he has taken points on the ground.

The four battalions on the right have taken the guide to the left; the three left battalions have taken the guide to the right; in each of the latter, the chief of the first division has placed himself on its left.

C D represent the line which marches in advance.

 

FIGURE 3.

Represents a line of eight battalions, deployed by mass,

executing a change of direction to the right.

(No. 2167, and following.)

The first battalion has brought itself on the new direction, by a wheel according to the principle of wheeling a close column in marching; it has then been halted at three paces from the line of battle and aligned by the right.

The other battalions have executed successive slight changes of direction; to this end, the headmost guide of each has insensibly advanced his left shoulder so as to bring his division on a line parallel with the line vi battle, and the following guides have conformed themselves to his movement.

 

 

 

 

EXPLANATION OF THE PLATES.

 

The first five battalions are on the line of battle; the sixth has halted three paces short of that line; the seventh and eighth are yet in march.

 

FIGURE 4.

Represents a line of eight battalions, deployed by mass

breaking to the right, by battalion

(No. 3193 and following.)

The lieutenant colonel of each battalion has placed two markers (d h), the first in front of the left guide, the other at division-distance from the first, and on a direction perpendicular to the line of battle.

Each battalion has then executed a change of direc­tion by the left flank. The battalions thus broken into general column, have between them the necessary dis­tance for re-forming themselves into line of battle by an opposite movement.

A represents the column formed.

 

FIGURE 5.

Represents a line of eight battalions, deployed by mass, which ploys itself into column on the fifth battalion, right in front.

(No. 2203 and following)

The battalions to the right of the directing one (the fifth) have marched perpendicularly forward, and each had faced to the left in marching, in order to take its position in column, as soon as the rear rank of its last division had passed six paces beyond the front rank ofthe first division in the battalion next in the rear.

Each battalion has been halted the moment that its left guides had arrived opposite to those of the batta­lions previously in the column. Those guides have faced to the rear and placed themselves correctly on the prolongation of the guides already established; the battalion has then been aligned by the left.

The battalions to the left of the directing one, have faced about and marched perpendicularly to the rear;

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

EXPLANATION OF THE PLATES.

 

each has then faced to its left in marching, in order to take its position in column, as soon as the front rank of its first division had passed six paces beyond the rear rank of the last division in the column the next in front.

Each of these battalions on taking its position in the column, has been faced about and aligned by the left.

 

FIGURE 6.

Represents a line of four battalions, formed by inversion, but whose sub-divisions are in the direct order, which ploys itself into close column by division, on the se­cond battalion, the left (that is, the first battalion) in front.

(No. 2216, and following.)

The second battalion has ployed itself on its second division, right in front.

The first battalion has ployed itself in rear of its first division, and has taken position in the column in front of the second battalion.

The third, as also the fourth battalion, has deployed itself in front of its last division, and has then taken its position in the column in rear of the directing batta­lion.

 

 

 

 

EXPLANATION OF THE PLATES.

 

PLATE XLVI.

________

 

FIGURE 1.

Represents a line of eight battalions deployed, correctly aligned and prepared to march in line of battle.

(No. 2218, and following.)

The fifth has been chosen as the battalion of direction, and markers have been placed behind it.

 

FIGURE 2.

Represents the same line in march.

(No. 2223, and following.)

 

FIGURES 3, 4.

Represent the same line halted, and taking a general

alignment.

(No. 2252, and following.)

The line having been halted the general has thrown himself some paces to the right of the directing colour (that of the fifth battalion), and has aligned this colour and the left general guide of the same battalion, on the point of direction he has chosen to the left of the line.

The right general guide of the fifth battalion, and the colours and general guides of all the other batta­lions, have thrown themselves on the new alignment, facing to the colour of the directing battalion.

Figure 4 represents the line of battle correctly aligned, after the return to their places of the colours, general and company guides.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

EXPLANATION OF THE PLATES.

 

PLATE XLVII.

______

 

FIGURE 1.

Represents a line of eight battalions, ployed into double columns, with deploying intervals, preparing to march In advance.

(No. 2302, and following.)

The general has gone to the fifth battalion which he has chosen to give the direction, and has assured the direction of its guides.

Each colonel has then traced the direction which his battalion ought to follow; to this end, he has placed himself thirty paces behind his guides on their prolongation, and has assured the lieutenant colonel (who had thrown himself thirty paces in front) on that line.

In each battalion, the lieutenant colonel has esta­blished on the perpendicular the right general guide who is charged with the direction of the battalion, and who has placed himself six paces before the leading guide.

The colonel of the directing battalion, has placed two markers behind it, on the prolongation of its guides

The directing battalion, and those on its left, have taken the guide to the right; the other battalions have taken the guide to the left.

 

 

FIGURE 2.

Represents the same line which is in march.

(No. 2311, and following.)

The colonel of each battalion marches abreast with the centre of his column on the side of direction. The lieutenant colonel is placed abreast with the first divi­sion, and the major abreast with the last division—both on the side of direction.

 

 

 

 

EXPLANATION OF THE PLATES.

 

FIGURE3.

Represents the same line in march, encountering obstacles which cover the two battalions on the right and the two on the left.

(No. 2320, and following.)

The battalions, meeting the obstacles, have quick­ened the step in order to recover the distance lost by turning the obstacles. The second and first battalions have turned the obstacle which had covered them—one passing to the left, and the other to the right.

The obstacle that had covered the last two batta­lions, extending far to the left, the eighth battalion has followed the seventh in turning this obstacle.

 

FIGURES 4, 5.

Represent the same line in march. and executing a change

of direction to the right.

(No. 2333, and following.)

The general has caused two markers to be placed be­fore the position which the first battalion, has to occupy, and has sent two mounted officers (m n) to place them­selves first at the points where the second and third battalions ought to arrive, and then, in succession, where the other battalions will rest.

The first four battalions, which had the guide to the left, have taken the guide to the right

The colonel of the first has caused his battalion to change direction to the right in order to direct it against the markers established by the general and has aligned it by the right.

The other battalions have directed themselves to­wards the new line of battle; the leading guide of each has successively and insensibly advanced his left shoulder, so as to bring the first division parallelly to that line when yet at a distance from it equal to the depth of the column.

Figure 4 represents the line in march before begin­ning the movement.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

EXPLANATION OF THE PLATES.

 

 

Figure 5 represents the movement in progress.  The first four battalions are established on the tine; the fifth has just been halted at three paces short of it; the last three battalions are yet in march. The lieutenant colonel of the sixth has replaced, on the line, the officer (m), who has thrown himself to the point where the eighth battalion ought to arrive; the officer (n) is at the point where the seventh will arrive.

 

 

 

 

EXPLANATION OF THE PLATES.

 

 

PLATE XLVIII.

________

 

FIGURES 1,2,3.

Represent a line of eight battalions deployed, marching in line of battle, and executing a change of direction to the right.

(No. 2264, and following.)

Figure 1 represents the line of battle advancing.

Figure 2 represents the change of direction commenced.

The general has caused two markers (h d) to be placed on the direction which he wishes to give the line of battle—the first at the point of appui for the right of the line, and the second at about sixty paces from the first.

The first battalion has executed a change of direcrection to the right in order to bring itself against the markers.

The other battalions have broken by a slight change of direction, and have then directed themselves so as to arrive parallelly to the new line; to this end, as each approaches that line, it executed several slight changes of direction.

Figure 3 represents the movement nearly ended; the three battalions of the right are already on the line of battle; the fourth battalion has been halted four paces short of that line, and its colour and general guides are established.

The last four battalions are yet in march. The lieutenant colonel of the fifth has thrown himself out on the line, and has established two markers upon it, distant from each other about sixty paces.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

EXPLANATION OF THE PLATES.

 

PLATE XLIX.

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FIGURES 1, 2, 3.

Represent a line of five battalions deployed, marching in line of battle, and encountering, before the interval be­tween the third and fourth battalions, a defile which it has to pass, and which, at the narrowest point, is suffi­cient to give passage to a company.

(No. 2352, and following, No. 2358, and following, and No. 2363, and following.)

 

The three battalions of the right have broken by platoon to the left; the two left battalions have broken by platoon to the right.

The two columns have marched to meet each other; arrived opposite to the markers (d h), previously placed before the entrance of the defile, the right column has turned to the right, and the left column to the left. The corresponding platoons of the two columns have united in order to enter the defile together, and have taken the guide in the centre.

The two united columns have thus passed the defile; the first battalion, formed in single column by platoon, has followed the right column.

As the subdivisions successively arrive at the point (A,) where the defile is wide enough to give passage to a division, companies have been formed in each co­lumn. The platoon in the rear has obliqued to the right, in the right column, and to the left in the left co­lumn, and, as soon as unmasked, it has marched for­ward to rejoin its own left or right platoon—quickening the step for that purpose.

The head of the united columns having passed the defile, the third battalion, on which the column ought to he deployed₁ has continued to march straight forward. and, when arrived at the distance where the line ought

 

 

 

EXPLANATION OF THE PLATES.

 

to be re-formed, this battalion has been closed in mass. The fourth has also marched up to the line of battle; but it has been so directed as to take its interval of twenty-two paces from the third, and when armed on the line of battle, it was closed in mass. These two battalions being established on that line in masses, the general has caused them to be deployed on (say) the fifth company of the third.

The other battalions have not followed the move­ments of the third and fourth; but, as soon as the leading subdivision of each of these battalions found₁ itself out of the defile, its colonel caused the battalion to change direction in order to march diagonally to the right or the left of the battalions already deployed, and then to form on the left, or on the right, into line of bat­tle.

Figure 1 represents the movement begun; the two columns are formed, and the headmost subdivisions have entered the defile.

Figure 2 represents the movement at the instant when the third and fourth battalions have closed in mass; the other battalions are yet in the defile, except the heads of the second and fifth.

In figure 3 the movement is nearly finished; the third and fourth are entirely deployed; the second has formed on the left, into tine of battle; the first has com­menced the same movement, and the fifth has needy finished the formation on the right, into line of battle.

 

 

 

 

 

 

EXPLANATION OF THE PLATES.

 

PLATE L.

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FIGURES 1, 2, 3.

Represent a line of five battalions, marching in retreat and encountering a defile, opposite to the interval be­tween the third and fourth battalions, which it has to pass, and which is of sufficient width to give passage to a company.

(No. 2378, and following, and No. 2391.)

The first battalion has commenced the movement singly; its companies have successively formed by platoon into line, and the battalion has prolonged it­self in column behind the line of battle: the leading guide, and successively all the remaining guides, have turned to the left in order to enter the defile as each arrived opposite to the marker (d) placed at its en­trance. This battalion has passed the defile in single column; its first five companies (counting from the head) have turned to the left on issuing from the defile, and prolong themselves on the new line of battle; the sixth company is re-formed, and the last two are yet in column by platoon in the defile.

The second battalion has followed the movement of the first, and the fifth has commenced its at the same time. These two battalions have marched in order to unite, and their corresponding subdivisions have enter­ed the defile together after having turned the points (d and h.)

The third and fourth battalions have just commenced their movement

Figure 2 represents the continuation of the general movement

The two columns, after having passed the defile, march in opposite direction; and prolong themselves an the line of battle; there remain in the defile only the last four companies of each column.

 

 

 

 

EXPLANATION OF THE PLATES.

 

Figure 3 represents the movement ended: each of the two columns has been halted the instant that its last subdivision entered on the line of battle; the left column has executed a countermarch, when, the two columns being united into one, it has formed to the left, into line of battle.