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An Introduction to Trubo Pascal
With the introduction of Turbo Pascal in 1983, Borland International
rev- olutionized the way microcomputer programmers went about their work.
In a surprisingly small and inexpensive package, Turbo Pascal provided
programmers with a powerful software development platform that com- bined
an editor, compiler, and linker in a single integrated unit. Educators
were among the early converts to Turbo Pascal. Attracted by the friendly,
comfortable environment that the microcomputer brought t to students, they
were delighted to find a software product that was as powerful as its mainframe
counterparts. Indeed, Turbo Pascal quickly be- t came something of a standard
among educators for use in introductory courses. During its relatively
brief existence, Turbo Pascal has evolved through To the several incarnations.
From the educator's perspective, many of the additions to the original
Turbo Pascal, such as graphics support (version 3.0), separate T compilation
(version 4.0), the integrated debugger (version 5.0), and object- s oriented
extensions (version 5.5) have been welcome. At the same time, e the actual
programming environment (integrated development environ- le ment, or IDE,
in Boriand's terminology) has also evolved. The original environment was
easy to use, but limited. The programmer m could create and run a Pascal
program, but little else. Turbo Pascal 4.0 en added a menu-based environment
that provided many more options. While most of the additions were useful,
the menu-based environment was harder on the individual wishing to learn
how to use the system. This was especially true when that individual was
a beginning programmer, with little or no computer experience. Turbo Pascal
6.0 introduces mouse support and an expanded form of the menu-based environment
that characterized versions 4 through 5.5. The same features are still
present, but some have been modified or ex- panded; some of the new features
can only be accessed through the mouse. Each new version of Turbo Pascal
has placed additional requirements on the host environment as well. Turbo
Pascal 1.0 was distributed on a single 360K floppy disk and required only
39K of memory. Turbo Pascal 6.0 is distributed in compressed format on
four high-density 3-inch diskettes that, when unpacked, occupy over three
megabytes. Even though much of the included materials are optional, and
are provided to illustrate special features and techniques, the compiler
itself is over 323000 bytes, and its accompanying help file is over 641
000 bytes. Clearly, either a hard disk or networked environment is almost
mandatory for using version 6.0. Because many potential educational users
of Turbo Pascal may not have the hardware facilities required to support
the newer versions, this text maintains compatibility with versions 4.0
through 6.0. Fortunately for our purposes, none of the features of the
newer versions of Turbo Pascal are required. In fact, all of the example
programs in the book will run on all versions of Turbo Pascal from version
4.0 onward. In Appendix 1, the integrated development environments of the
various versions are briefly described. Although no attempt is made to
describe the IDE in complete detail, the presentation should be sufficient
to enable a beginner to effec- tively use the Turbo Pascal system to prepare
and run their programs. In addition, Appendix 2 provides a brief overview
of the integrated debugger that became a part of Turbo Pascal with version
5.0.
General Programming Structure
PROGRAM program-name;
CONST
{name of constant are specified here}
TYPE
{programmer-defined data type are specified here}
VAR
{name of variables are specified here}
BEGIN
{Main program}
END.
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