PrintTrade

<body topmargin=0 leftmargin=0 marginheight=0 marginwidth=0> <table cellpadding=0 cellspacing=0 border=0 height="100%"><tr> <td valign="top" width=200 BGCOLOR="#003333" TEXT="#F7F7FF" background="040d4c00dduajq.gif"> <div> <TABLE BORDER="0" CELLPADDING="2" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="95" BORDERCOLORLIGHT="#C0C0C0" BORDERCOLORDARK="#808080" FRAME="BOX" RULES="ALL" ALIGN="BOTTOM" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0" > <tR> <tD VALIGN=TOP HEIGHT= 46 WIDTH="91"><IMG BORDER="0" SRC="1x1.gif" HEIGHT="46" ALIGN="bottom" WIDTH="91" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0"></tD> </tR> </TABLE></div> <bR> <DIV ALIGN="LEFT"></DIV> <div> <A HREF="id55.htm" TARGET="_top" TITLE="TessasTwigs"><U>Tessa's Twigs</U></A></div> </td> <td valign="top" BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF" TEXT="#080000"> <div> <FONT SIZE="5" COLOR="#003333" FACE="Arial" ><B>TOUCHARD: One Name Study</B></FONT>     |     <A HREF="index.htm" TARGET="_top" TITLE="TOUCHARD: One Name Study"><U>home</U></A></div> <div> <A HREF="id17.htm" TARGET="_top" TITLE="About Us"><U>About Us</U></A>   |   <A HREF="id21.htm" TARGET="_top" TITLE="Contact Me"><U>Contact Me</U></A>   |   <A HREF="id26.htm" TARGET="_top" TITLE="Huguenots"><U>Huguenots</U></A>   |   <A HREF="id27.htm" TARGET="_top" TITLE="England"><U>England</U></A>   |   <A HREF="id28.htm" TARGET="_top" TITLE="France"><U>France</U></A>   |   <A HREF="id34.htm" TARGET="_top" TITLE="Bethnal Green"><U>Bethnal Green</U></A>   |   <A HREF="id35.htm" TARGET="_top" TITLE="BethnalGreen1851"><U>BethnalGreen1851</U></A>   |   <A HREF="id36.htm" TARGET="_top" TITLE="BriansBranches"><U>Brian'sBranches</U></A>   |   <A HREF="id37.htm" TARGET="_top" TITLE="Canada"><U>Canada</U></A>   |   <A HREF="id38.htm" TARGET="_top" TITLE="LondonChurches"><U>LondonChurches</U></A>   |   <A HREF="id39.htm" TARGET="_top" TITLE="EnglishTouchards"><U>EnglishTouchards</U></A>   |   <A HREF="id40.htm" TARGET="_top" TITLE="Fiction"><U>Fiction</U></A>   |   <A HREF="id41.htm" TARGET="_top" TITLE="Ireland"><U>Ireland</U></A>   |   <A HREF="id42.htm" TARGET="_top" TITLE="Lace"><U>Lace</U></A>   |   <A HREF="id43.htm" TARGET="_top" TITLE="London"><U>London</U></A>   |   <A HREF="id44.htm" TARGET="_top" TITLE="LondonHuguenots"><U>LondonHuguenots</U></A>   |   <A HREF="id45.htm" TARGET="_top" TITLE="Tours"><U>Tours</U></A>   |   <A HREF="id56.htm" TARGET="_top" TITLE="Tushaws"><U>Tushaws</U></A>   |   <A HREF="id57.htm" TARGET="_top" TITLE="UKTouchards"><U>UKTouchards</U></A>   |   <A HREF="id46.htm" TARGET="_top" TITLE="Me"><U>Me</U></A>   |   <A HREF="id47.htm" TARGET="_top" TITLE="NorthAmerica"><U>NorthAmerica</U></A>   |   <A HREF="id48.htm" TARGET="_top" TITLE="Olives Tree"><U>Olive's Tree</U></A>   |   <A HREF="id49.htm" TARGET="_top" TITLE="PamsPods"><U>Pam'sPods</U></A>   |   <A HREF="id50.htm" TARGET="_top" TITLE="Paris"><U>Paris</U></A>   |   <B>PrintTrade</B>   |   <A HREF="id52.htm" TARGET="_top" TITLE="Rhine"><U>Rhine</U></A>   |   <A HREF="id53.htm" TARGET="_top" TITLE="Shoreditch"><U>Shoreditch</U></A>   |   <A HREF="id54.htm" TARGET="_top" TITLE="Silkweaving"><U>Silkweaving</U></A>   |   <A HREF="id55.htm" TARGET="_top" TITLE="TessasTwigs"><U>Tessa'sTwigs</U></A></div> <div> PrintTrade</div> <div> <B>RESEARCHING BOOK BINDING TRADE</B></div> <div> Frits Knuf Antiquarian Books </div> <div> CATALOGUE 202Index </div> <div> Typography, Printing History, Fine Printing, Design 1 - 135 </div> <div> 115 <FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#FF0000" FACE="Arial" ><B>TOUCHARD, D</B></FONT>. & A-C. LELIEUR (eds.). Raymond Gid. Affichiste et Typographe. Paris, 1992. </div> <div> 123pp. Illus. in colour. Bds. 65, </div> <bR> <bR> <div> Bookvillage-France </div> <div> The <B>bookvillage at Fontenoy-la-Joûte</B> welcomed 89.000 visitors in 1997. 16 professional second-hand booksellers and a craftsman in paccious bookbinding from France and Belgium have transformed old Lorraine farmhouses into bookshops which house hundreds of thousands of old as well as second-hand books on every possible subject at prices to fit every budget. This typical Lorraine village dating back to the 12th century has a population of 280 inhabitants and is situated 5 minutes (by car) from BACCARAT, the town worldfamous for crystal. The 18th century houses, side by side, edge to edge, with their narrow fronts but with interiors extending far back from the street, climb leisurely up the slope to the 13th century St Peter's chapel which marks the line between the Paris basin and the vosges massif. </div> <div> Indeed, printing presses, a sign of considerable development, had appeared in <B>Toulouse</B> as early as the late 15th century </div> <div> . </div> <div> BLANC-ROUQUETTE Marie-Thérèse, Saint-Quentin Church in Toulouse, the Seat of Tolosan Printer and Publisher Guild </div> <div> The priory dedicated to St-Quentin was located bound to the town North Gate of the antic city. Canonically, the church used to belong to St-Sernin whereas it also played a paper in the civil life when it became, as soon as in the XVIth century, the seat of the tolosan book Publisher, Printer and Binder Guild. It is the most obvious memory left behind by this very old sanctuary which, together with many others, disappeared during the French Revolution. </div> <div> Toulouse also invented new cultural institutions: seven young writers who wanted to promote the old troubadour poetry created the Compagnie du Gai Savoir (the Gay Science Brotherhood) on May 3rd 1324 under the patronage of Toulouse’s most beautiful citizen, Clémence Isore. It is the olded literary association in the world. Out of it grew the Académie des jeux floraux (the Academy of Floral Games) in the 17th century, with its competitions rewarded by gold flowers, of which violets, carnations and dog roses (eglantines) were the most prestigious. In fact, just before the Revolution, François Fabre, who wrote the French ditty "il pleut il pleut bergère", known to any French schoolchild, ennobled himself to FABRE D'EGLANTINE. </div> <bR> <bR> <div> NC Series: Publishing, the Booktrade and Diffusion of Knowledge Collection Title: <B>The bookbinders' price-book</B>, calculated for the different modes of binding, as agreed upon at a general meeting of the trade, i December, 1812, at the Crown and Anchor Tavern, Strand. To commence January 1st, 1813. </div> <div> Imprint: Marchant and Galabin, Printers, Ingram-Court, Fenchurch-Street. Printed for and published by the Associated Master-Bookbinders of London & Westminster; and sold by C. and H. Bird, 5 Ave-Maria-Lane, Ludgate Street; W. Rose, Stationer Brydges-Street, Strand; C.W. Banister, Bookseller, 109, Goswell-Street. 1813 </div> <div> Place of Publication: London Date of Publication: 1813 </div> <div> British Library Shelfmark: 712.h.8 Fiche Quantity: 1 fiche; 11x15 cm Fiche Number: 3.1.494 </div> <bR> <bR> <div> NC Series: Publishing, the Booktrade and Diffusion of Knowledge Collection </div> <div> Author: Freemasons United Grand Lodge of England </div> <div> Title: United Grand Lodge of Ancient Free & Accepted Masons of England. Catalogue of books in the Library at Freemasons' Hall, London. Compiled by order of the Grand Lodge, 1st June, 1887. Imprint: George Kenning, 16 & 16A Great Queen St., Lincoln's Inn Fields,W.C.. 1888 </div> <div> Place of Publication: London Date of Publication: 1888 </div> <div> Pagination: 48p. 8o </div> <div> Notes: Preface signed: Shadwell H. Clerke, Grand Secretary </div> <div> Printed and sold by T. Sowle at the Crooked Billet in Holy-well-Lane in <B>Shoreditch</B>. 1694. </div> <bR> <bR> <div> Dobell, Bertram </div> <div> Title: Catalogue of a collection of privately printed books, compiled and annotated by Bertram Dobell. </div> <div> Imprint: Published by the Author at his bookstore, 54, Charing Cross Road,W.C.. 1891-93 </div> <div> Place of Publication: London Date of Publication: 1891 to 1893 </div> <bR> <bR> <div> FANN STREET LETTER FOUNDRY </div> <div> CASLON LETTER FOUNDRY </div> <div> “Printers Register </div> <div> The job master's price-book Imprint: Printed and published by W.H. Tickle, High Street, Lambeth, and by Cowie and Strange, Fetter Lane and Paternoster Row. [1813?] </div> <div> Place of Publication: London Date of Publication: 1813 </div> <div> Davies, Robert, 1793-1875 </div> <div> Title: A memoir of the York Press, with notices of authors, printers, and stationers, in the sixteenth, seventeenth, and eighteenth centuries. By Robert Davies, F.S.A. </div> <div> Imprint: Nichols and Sons, 25, Parliament Street. 1868 </div> <div> Place of Publication: Westminster Date of Publication: 1868 </div> <bR> <bR> <div> Ostell's printers' price book(1862) </div> <div> Blagden, Cyprian. </div> <div> <B>The Stationers' Company; a history, 1403-1959.London</B>, G. Allen and Unwin [1960].OLIN Z329 S79B63 (stacks) </div> <div> Company of Stationers, London Title: The charter and grants of the City of London, now in force, containing a plain account of the freemen's rights and privileges,fairly produced, and where necessary, impartially explained, in order to ascertain the authority annexed to the office of master and wardens, and to redress the hardships and miseries of the injured and oppressed freemen. To which is added an appendix: shewing, that the court of assistants was imposed upon the freemen by a charter granted by Charles II. Which, because it was found unreasonable, oppressive and illegal, was revoked, and made null and void by an act of Parliament in the 2 W. & M. ... </div> <div> Imprint: Printed by R. Nutt, in the Old Baily. Mdccxli. (Price two shillings and six-pence.) Re-printed by William Tyler, Bridgewater Square, London. 1825 </div> <bR> <bR> <div> 28 DEGEORGE, LÉON. La Maison Plantin à Anvers. Monographie complète de cette imprimerie célèbre; documents historiques sur l'imprimerie; liste chronologique des ouvrages imprimés par Plantin de 1555 à 1589. Troisième édition donnant la Généalogie de la famille Plantin-Moretus, le portrait et la Marque du grand imprimeur, d'après Wiericx et huit dessins de M. Maurice Degeorge. Paris, 1886. ix,212pp. Some occasional foxing. Orwrs. (spine dam.). Unopened. 90,- </div> <bR> <bR> <div> Author: Bouchot, Henri, 1849-1906. </div> <div> Uniform title: Livre. </div> <div> Title: The book: its printers, illustrators, and binders, from Gutenberg to the present time. By Henri Bouchot ... with a treatise on the art of collecting and describing early printed books, and a Latin-English and English-Latin topographical index the earliest printing places. Ed. by H. Grevel. Containing one hundred and seventy-two fac-similes of early topography, book illustrations, printers marks, bindings, numerous borders, initials, head and tail pieces, and a frontispiece. New York, Scribner and Welford, 1890. </div> <div> Description: xv, 383 p. incl. front., illus., ports., facsims. 27 cm. </div> <div> Notes: First English translation by E. C. Bigmore, 1887 has title: The printed book; its history, illustration and adornment. "The art of describing and cataloguing incunabula" (p.[322]-351) is a translation of Die Incunabel-Bibliographie, von A. Einsle, Wien, 1888. </div> <div> Subjects: Books -- History. Printing -- History. UCSD Central Z4 .B76 1890a Spec Coll RefUCSD Central Z4 .B76 1890a </div> <bR> <bR> <div> Author: De Vinne, Theodore Low, 1828-1914. </div> <div> Title: The invention of printing; a collection of facts and opinions descriptive of early prints and playing cards, the block-books of the fifteenth century, the legend of Lourens Janszoon Coster of Haarlem, and the work of John Gutenberg and his associates. Illustrated with facsims. of early types and woodcuts. New York, F. Hart, 1876. Detroit, Gale Research Co., 1969. </div> <div> Description: 556 p. illus., facsims., maps, ports. 23 cm. </div> <div> Notes: Bibliography: p. [543]-545. </div> <div> Subjects: Printing -- History -- Origin and antecedents. UCSD Central Z126 .D49 1876a </div> <bR> <div> <B>HISTORY OF PRINTING IN FRANCE</B></div> <div> 1250 FORE EDGE F<FONT SIZE="2" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" >ore Edge Painting, first on French psalter manuscript</FONT> </div> <div> 1325 BELLEVILLE <FONT SIZE="2" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" >Belleville Breviary by Jean Pucelle (Parisian manuscript painter)</FONT> </div> <div> 1338 PAPER <FONT SIZE="2" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" >Paper, oldest known papermill in France</FONT> </div> <div> 1340 BERRY <FONT SIZE="2" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" >Berry, Jean duc de (d.1416). Les Tres Riches Heures.</FONT> </div> <div> 1373 BIBLIOTHEQUE </div> <div> NATIONALE <FONT SIZE="2" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" >1373 catalogue of his library housed in the Louvre</FONT> </div> <div> 1418 ROHAN <FONT SIZE="2" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" >Rohan Book of Hours, made for Yolande of Aragon.</FONT> </div> <div> 1420 FOUQUET <FONT SIZE="2" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" >Fouquet, Jean, d.1480, leading 15th century manuscript painter</FONT> </div> <div> (Hours of Etienne de Chavalier)<FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> 1425 MaMION <FONT SIZE="2" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" >Marmion, Simon, d.1489. Flemish miniature painter, amongst others Chroniques de France for Philip the Good</FONT> </div> <div> 1462 BADIUS <FONT SIZE="2" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" >Badius Ascensius, Jodocus (1535). Parisian printer</FONT> </div> <div> 1469 ARCHES <FONT SIZE="2" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" >Arches Papermill in Vosges, France</FONT> </div> <div> 1469 PAPER <FONT SIZE="2" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" >Arches Papermill in Vosges, France</FONT> </div> <div> 1479 GROLIER <FONT SIZE="2" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" >Grolier, Jean, d.1565. Famous French bibliphile, famous for the bindings of his Books</FONT> </div> <div> 1495 BEMBO <FONT SIZE="2" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" >Bembo. First Latin book from the Aldus' press Pietro Bembo's dialog Aetna (printed in a roman type that became the model for later French types, including Garamond's</FONT> </div> <div> 1499 PRINTING PRESS <FONT SIZE="2" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" >Printing Press, oldest known repro Dance of Death printed in Lyon by M.Huss</FONT> </div> <div> 1500 GARAMONT <FONT SIZE="2" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" >Garamont, Claude, d.1561. Parisian type designer and punchcutter</FONT> </div> <div> 1514 ASCENIUS <FONT SIZE="2" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" >Denmark Chronicle printed by Ascenius in Paris</FONT> </div> <div> 1529 TORY <FONT SIZE="2" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" >Tory, Geoffroy Tory's Champleury published in Paris</FONT> </div> <div> 1530 TORY <FONT SIZE="2" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" >Tory, Geoffroy, becomes the first royal printer in Paris</FONT> </div> <div> 1531 KRAUSE <FONT SIZE="2" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" >Krause, Jakob, d.1586. German bookbinder, active in Paris , Augsburg and Dresden</FONT> </div> <div> 1545 GRANJON <FONT SIZE="2" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" >Granjon, Robert, d.1589, Paris/Lyon, punchcutter and typedesigner</FONT> </div> <div> 1553 MARGUERITE DE FRANCE <FONT SIZE="2" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" >Marguerite de France, d.1615. Wife of Henry IV of France, important bookcollector amongst others items from library of Duke de Berry</FONT> </div> <div> 1558 POITIERS, DIANA DE <FONT SIZE="2" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" >Mistress of Henry II, lobbied succesfully for a passage of an ordinace that required French publishers to present copies of every book they issued to the libraries of Blois and Fontainebleau.</FONT> </div> <div> 1580 JANNON <FONT SIZE="2" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" >Jannon, Jean, d.1658, Geneva, punchcutter/typefounder/printer, Sedan, France.</FONT> </div> <div> 1570 BINDING <FONT SIZE="2" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" >Fanfare, until 1640, book cover decoration developed in France (interlacing ribbons)</FONT> </div> <div> 1570 FANFARE <FONT SIZE="2" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" >Fanfare, until 1640, book cover decoration developed in France (interlacing ribbons)</FONT> </div> <div> 1584 RUETTE <FONT SIZE="2" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" >Ruette, Mace, d.1644, Parisian master binder and court binder</FONT> </div> <div> 1666 GRANDJEAN <FONT SIZE="2" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" >Grandjean de Fouchy, Philippe, d.1714, Parisian punchcutter, a.o. 'Romain duRoi'</FONT> </div> <div> 1695 LUCE <FONT SIZE="2" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" >Luce, Louis-Rene, d.1774, punchcutter working for the Imprimerie Royal</FONT> </div> <div> 1730 DIDOT <FONT SIZE="2" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" >Didot, Francois-Ambroise, d.1804, oldest of Didot family, famous French printingFamily</FONT> </div> <div> 1734 AQUATINT <FONT SIZE="2" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" >This process was invented by Jean-Baptiste Le Prince (1734-1784). François Janinet (1752-1813) was the first to employ it for colour plates</FONT> </div> <div> 1758 SACY <FONT SIZE="2" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" >Silvestre de Sacy (1758-1838), sensible and analytical scholar, a briljant man who served from 1833 to his death as keeper of Oriental manuscripts at the Bibliothèque Nationale</FONT> </div> <div> 1817 LAROUSSE <FONT SIZE="2" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" >Larousse, Pierre, d.1875, founder in 1856 of Parisian publishing house</FONT> </div> <div> 1827 DEBERNEY ET PEIGNOT <FONT SIZE="2" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" >Deberny and Peignot, largest typefounding firm of France established, based on association by the novelist Balzac and printer Andre Barbier</FONT> </div> <div> 1828 ROSSETTI <FONT SIZE="2" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" >Rossetti, Dante Gabriel, d.1882, painter and poet, designer of bookbindings</FONT> </div> <div> 1828 DE VINNE <FONT SIZE="2" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" >De Vinne, Theodore, d.1914, American printer, co-founder of the Grolier Club</FONT> </div> <div> 1829 BRAILLE <FONT SIZE="2" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" >Braille, Invention of embossed printing for the blind by Louis Braille.</FONT> </div> <div> 1832 BINDING <FONT SIZE="2" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" >Bookbinding, invention of sewing machine by Philip Watt of London</FONT> </div> <div> 1860 BRITISH TYPOGRAPHIA J<FONT SIZE="2" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" >ones, George W., d. 1942, Bitish master printer, founded The BritishTypographia in 1887</FONT> </div> <bR> <bR> <div> Richard Pynson of Normandy, began printing in 1492 and became printer to the King in 1508. He printed Henry VIII's answer to Luther in defence of the Papacy, which ironically earned Henry the title Fidei Defensor from the Pope! </div> <bR> <bR> <div> Ministere de l'Industrie (Ministry of Industry) Centre d'enquetes statistiques (Statistical Inquiries Center)Division Travail des metaux, papier et carton </div> <div> (Metals, Paper and Cardboard Division) rue Claude Bloch 1024 Caen Cedex - France </div> <div> Tel: (33) 2 31 45 73 33 </div> <div> Fax: (33) 2 31 44 36 51 </div> <div> <B>Contact: Mr. Loic Touchard</B> </div> <bR> <bR> <div> 131- MORELLY. Code de la nature. Paris, Paul Masgana, 1841. In-12, 215 pp., brochage de l'époque, dos sommairement renforcé, auréoles aux premiers et derniers ff. 1.500 F. </div> <div> Importante édition qui marque la résurgence du communisme utopique du XVIIIème au XIXème siècle. Ce texte ne connut que deux éditions au XVIIIème siècle, hormis son inclusion dans les Oeuvres de Diderot. Celle-cidonne l'intégralité du Code de la Nature, avec des fragments importants de la Basiliade. Cioranescu, 47427.En-tête, une analyse raisonnée du système social de Morelly par Villegardelle, fouriériste puis communiste, qui forme LA PREMIÈRE ÉTUDE SUR MORELLY. Il compare les doctrines de Morelly et de Fourier. Une esquisse avait parue l'année précédente. "Rien dans la société n'appartiendra singulièrement ni en propriété à personne... Tout Citoyen contribuera poursa part à l'utilité publique selon ses forces, ses talents et son âge..". Autour de ces principes, Morelly trace le plan d'une utopie communiste. "Babeuf en 1796 l'appelera le maître du communisme... Communisme littéraire, poétique et moral : Morelly reproche surtout à la propriété privée d'avoir corrompu l'homme. Pour être heureuse et vertueuse, la société humaine doit vivre selon le code de la Nature" (<B>Touchard, II, 431</B>). </div> <bR> <bR> <div> LIVRE-RARE-BOOK </div> <div> Les Environs de Paris. Paysage, Histoire, Monuments, Moeurs, Chroniques et Traditions Paris P. Boizard & G. Kugelmann Sd (1844)Grand in-8°, 1/2 bas. verte à coins, filets dorés, dos à 5 nerfs, caissons et tête dorés, VI+490 pp. 28 pl. HT gravées par Bara et Gérard, Bernard, Loutrel, Pannemaker, etc, d'après Célestin Nanteuil, Moynet, H. Valentin, etc. Textes de Nodier, Etienne Arago, <FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#FF0000" FACE="Arial" ><B>Touchard-Lafosse</B></FONT>, JulesJanin . . . </div> <div> 750 FRF- 114,34EUR </div> <div> <FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" >98 (Blois)-</FONT><B>TOUCHARD</B> - LAFOSSE<FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > (G.). Histoire de Blois et de son histoire, depuis les temps reculés jusqu'à nos jours. Blois, FELIX JAHYER, 1846. 13 gravures hors-texte sur acier dont la plupart sont des vues de Blois et de ses environs. </FONT></div> <div> Jolie reliure d'époque, pâles brunissures. </div> <bR> <bR> <div> Dickens was a popular author. <B>But books in his day were hand-sewn and bound by sweated labour in Shoreditch</B>: men and women worked in many-storeyed mill-like buildings by gas and oil-light. (Women collated the book-sections, sewing them on a frame: men made the cases of cloth and mill-board. The edges of the book-blocks were trimmed with a plough. Tuberculosis was rife. Perhaps the mass-production of hand-made books was in some part responsible for the quick spread of the disease throughout all classes of society. Sewing and binding is close work; in the dim light the pages of the book would be no more than eighteen inches from theworker’s mouth. The organism survives drying. It is inhaled as dust.) But Great Expectations: I have read and re-read the book. It is good. And, like society itself, it is not redibly connected. Most of the connections are fictions. But, at the end of this winter's day, I know no more about what it is about than that photograph of a long-lost Lancashire scene, where, now, the disturbed smoke seems real, and the remains of contemporary cotton, Lancashire-woven, cover the mill-board casings of Dickens’ novels on the shelves behind me. </div> <bR> <bR> <div> London, Printed and Sold by A. Sowle, at the Crooked-Billet in Holloway-Lane in <B>Shoreditch</B>. Also by J.Lead at the Carpenters in Bartholomew-Close; and at Bookselllers in London and Westminster. 1683 Listed in Kent's Directory for the year 1785 ... 53rd Edition, 1785, KENT, Henry. London Printed and Sold by Richard and Henry Causton (Successors to the late Mr. Henry Kent) at the Printing Office, No. 21 in Finch-lane, near the Royal-Exchange and by the Booksellers and Pamphlet Shops of London This might be expected of the early directories (Henry Kent's directory of 1738 lists just 1,925 names for the whole of London) but directories as late as the second decade of the nineteenth century were certainly incomplete. Andrew Johnstone's London Commercial Guide of 1817 (which as noted above is a substantial piece of work) has approximately a third more names than other contemporary directories. Second, the description of the profession of individuals in the directories is limited and discrepancies exist between directories produced by different individuals. Third, some book trades are more generously covered by directories than others. For instance, booksellers are often listed, printers less frequently but bookbinders rarely. Most of the early directories were simply alphabetical lists of tradesmen. In 1763, the Universal Director, published by Mortimer, was the first to include a section dividing up individuals into different trades, but this practice was not repeated until The London Directory of 1790 (Andrews & Son). P. Boyle produced the first street directory (in other words, listing each street with its occupants) with his Fashionable Court Guide of 1792. However, the first directory to combine an alphabetical list of names, trades section and a street directory only appeared aslate as 1817 with Andrew Johnstone's work of that year. Johnstone published a second version in 1818, but publication then ceased. Similar directories only began to appear in print again in the 1830's, with the work of W. Robson and Pigot & Co. The first Post Office directory appeared in 1800, but at that point it was, once more, just an alphabetical list of names. An important source of information is, of course, existing works identifying members of the book trades in London and Britain generally. Among the most important and pioneering are the following: Plomer, Henry Robert. A Dictionary of the Printers and Booksellers who were at Work in England, Scotland and Ireland from 1668 to 1725. Oxford, 1922. id. A Dictionary of the Printers and Booksellers who were at Work in England, </div> <bR> <bR> <bR> </td> </tr></table></body>