bone quiz answered

<body topmargin=0 leftmargin=0 marginheight=0 marginwidth=0> <table cellpadding=0 cellspacing=0 border=0><tr> <td valign="top" rowspan="2" width=210 BGCOLOR="#99CC99" TEXT="#080000" bgproperties="fixed" background="0408dfc3.jpg"> <div> <B><IMG SRC="0a5db3e0.jpg" border=0 width="219" height="318" ALIGN="BOTTOM" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0"></B></div> </td> <td valign="top" colspan=2 height=82 BGCOLOR="#CCCC99" TEXT="#080000" bgproperties="fixed" background="0418dfe1esnpes.jpg"> <div> <FONT SIZE="5" COLOR="#336666" FACE="Arial" ><B>BONE PATHOLOGY</B></FONT><B>     </B><B>|</B><B>     </B><A HREF="index.htm" TARGET="_top" TITLE="BONE PATHOLOGY"><U><B>home</B></U></A></div> <div> <A HREF="id22.htm" TARGET="_top" TITLE="bone formation review"><U>bone formation review</U></A>   |   <A HREF="id24.htm" TARGET="_top" TITLE="anatomy"><U>anatomy</U></A>   |   <A HREF="id18.htm" TARGET="_top" TITLE="BONE PATHOLOGY"><U>BONE PATHOLOGY</U></A>   |   <A HREF="id25.htm" TARGET="_top" TITLE="fractures"><U>fractures</U></A>   |   <A HREF="id27.htm" TARGET="_top" TITLE="musculoskeletal pathology index"><U>musculoskeletal pathology index</U></A>   |   <A HREF="id19.htm" TARGET="_top" TITLE="SOFT TISSUE PATHOLOGY"><U>SOFT TISSUE PATHOLOGY</U></A>   |   <A HREF="id23.htm" TARGET="_top" TITLE="bone tumors listing"><U>bone tumors listing</U></A>   |   <B>bone quiz answered</B>   |   <A HREF="id21.htm" TARGET="_top" TITLE="some pictures"><U>some pictures</U></A>   |   <A HREF="id17.htm" TARGET="_top" TITLE="Contact Me"><U>Contact Me</U></A></div> <div> </div> </td> </tr><tr> <td valign="top" height=398 colspan=2 BGCOLOR="#CCCC99" TEXT="#080000" bgproperties="fixed" background="0418dfc3.jpg"> <div> <I>bone quiz answered</I></div> <DIV ALIGN="LEFT"></DIV> <div> <B>Bones and Joints</B></div> <div> <B>26. A 40-year old woman complained of morning stiffnesss of her hands. The metacarpal-phalangeal joints appeared inflammed. Pathologically, there was a well-developed pannus in each joint and the surrounding bone showed osteoporosis. She also had subcutaneous nodules that consisted of central fibrinoid material surrounded by palisaded macrophages. What is the diagnosis of this systemic disease? Rheumatoid arthritis </B></div> <div> <B>26. A compression fracture of the T-1 vertebra occurred in a 58-year old woman. X-rays revealed a loss of coarse cancellous bone and thin hollowed cortex of the vertebral bodies. Serum electrolyte levels were normal. What is the appropriate diagnosis? Osteoporosis </B></div> <div> <B>26. A fracture which does not heal correctly due to excessive motion, interposition of soft tissue at the fracture site, infection or poor blood supply is referred to as an example of: Non-union </B></div> <div> <B>26. A malignant tumor was found in the upper metaphysis of the tibia of a 10-year-old boy. By x-ray, the tumor appeared mottled with streak-like densities. This tumor is most likely: Osteosarcoma </B></div> <div> <B>26. A patient with bacterial endocarditis developed pain in the lower tibial epiphysis. Biopsy of the damaged tibia showed bone trabeculae, but no osteocytes. What is the most likely diagnosis? Osteomyelitis </B></div> <div> <B>26. A retinoblastoma gene mutation was found in a 10-year old child with an expansile lesion of the proximal tibia. Histologically, the lesion was composed of elongated malignant cells surrounded by osteoid. This lesion is: Osteosarcoma </B></div> <div> <B>26. A solitary radiolucent lesion of the sacrum of a 45-year old man was diagnosed as a primary bone tumor. Metastases were found 3 years later, most likely in what organ? Lung </B></div> <div> <B>26. A solitary tumor composed of uniform cells resembling lymphocytes was found in the mid-shaft of the tibia of a 15-year old boy. The tumor was treated with radiation and chemotherapy, and the patient survived without evidence of disease for 5 years. What is the diagnosis? Ewing sarcoma </B></div> <div> <B>26. A subcutaneous nodule composed of a central zone of fibrinoid necrosis surrounded by palisaded macrophages in a patient with joint disease is indicative of a systemic disease called: Rheumatoid arthritis </B></div> <div> <B>26. Beaded costochondral junction, potbelly, and frontal bossing were found in a 2-year old child. Name the adult equivalent of this childhood disease. Rickets </B></div> <div> <B>26. Bow-legs developed over a period of 5 years in a 45-year old man. Histologically, the bone showed a mosaic pattern, with prominent cement lines and increased ostoblastic and osteoclastic activity. Serum calcium and phosphorous levels were normal. The serum showed a considerable increase in (name enzyme): Alkaline phosphatase </B></div> <div> <B>26. Corticotropic pituitary adenomas cause Cushing disease, which typically presents with (name bone disease): Osteoporosis </B></div> <div> <B>26. Death of bone and marrow in the absence of infection is referred to as: Osteonecrosis/Avascular necrosis/Aseptic bone necrosis </B></div> <div> <B>26. Dense bone, which comprises the outer shell, defines the shape of: Long bones/Compact bone </B></div> <div> <B>26. Deposits in the glomeruli of patients with chronic infections such as chronic osteomyelitis represent: Amyloid/Amyloidosis </B></div> <div> <B>26. Direct penetration of bacteria into bone is the most common cause of: Osteomyelitis </B></div> <div> <B>26. Formation of reactive bone in muscle, as a result of injury, may be mistaken for a malignant tumor. What is the diagnosis? Myositis ossificans </B></div> <div> <B>26. Hematogenous osteomyelitis in prepubertal boys is most often caused by what organism? Staphylococcus aureus </B></div> <div> <B>26. Heterotopic bone formation within skeletal muscle is typical of: Myositis ossificans </B></div> <div> <B>26. Hyperphosphatemia, hypocalcemia, decreased serum levels of 1,25 (OH)2 vitamin D and hyperparathyroidism are associated with bone changes known as: Renal osteodystrophy </B></div> <div> <B>26. In what form of arthritis is the rheumatoid factor commonly seen? Rheumatoid arthritis </B></div> <div> <B>26. Inadequate mineralization of newly formed bone matrix in children is a major component in: Rickets </B></div> <div> <B>26. Inflammatory arthropathy of the vertebral column accompanied by peripheral arthritis and other systemic manifestations is a description of: Ankylosing spondylitis </B></div> <div> <B>Intrauterine fractures of all four extremities were found in the fetus of a 25-year old woman during her second pregnancy. Her first child died shortly after birth. Genetic testing disclosed a mutation of the gene encoding collagen type I. What is this disease? Osteogenesis imperfecta </B></div> <div> <B>Multiple lytic bone lesions in a patient with a parathyroid adenoma are consistent with a diagnosis of: Osteitis cystica fibrosa </B></div> <div> <B>Name a congenital musculoskeletal disease that presents with repeated bone fractures, anemia, cranial nerve entrapment, hydrocephalus, and marked bone density. Osteopetrosis </B></div> <div> <B>26. Name a malignant bone tumor which occurs in the second decade and is usually seen in the metaphyses of long bones around the knee. Osteosarcoma </B></div> <div> <B>26. Name an autosomal dominant form of congenital dwarfism. Achondroplastic dwarf </B></div> <div> <B>26. Name the autosomal dominant disease characterized by multiple cartilaginous lesions in the long and short bones. Olliers disease/Enchondromatosis </B></div> <div> <B>26. Name the autosomal recessive disease characterized by abnormally dense bones, related to hypofunction of osteoclasts. Osteopetrosis </B></div> <div> <B>26. Name the bone lesion that can be caused by osteochondritis dissecans, gamma radiation, or sickle cell anemia. Osteonecrosis/Avascular necrosis/Aseptic bone necrosis </B></div> <div> <B>26. Name the enzyme produced by osteoblasts that is elevated in serum in the active stages of Paget disease of bone. Alkaline phosphatase </B></div> <div> <B>26. Name the most common bone disorder encountered by the practicing physician. Osteoporosis </B></div> <div> <B>26. Osteitis fibrosa cystica is a common change associated with: Hyperparathyroidism </B></div> <div> <B>26. Pain in the bones that occurs in polycythemia, sickle cell disease, or Gaucher disease is a consequence of: Osteonecrosis/Avascular necrosis/Aseptic bone necrosis </B></div> <div> <B>26. Pannus, synovial cell hyperplasia with lymphoid follicles in the proximal phalangeal joint tissue, and ankylosis of small joints are signs of (name disease): Rheumatoid arthritis </B></div> <div> <B>26. Primary defect in the synthesis of collagen by osteoblasts in children with a nutrition deficiency is called: Scurvy </B></div> <div> <B>26. Primary idiopathic gout is frequently associated with impairment of the kidneys in the excretion of: Uric acid </B></div> <div> <B>26. Primary osteoporosis is seen most commonly in women who are: Post-menopausal </B></div> <div> <B>. Proteinuria that developed in a patient with chronic osteomyelitis was associated with glomerular deposition of: Amyloid </B></div> <div> <B>26. Pseudoarthrosis is a late complication of: Non-union </B></div> <div> <B>26. Rheumatoid nodules composed of central fibrinoid necrosis surrounded by palisading histiocytes are typical of: Rheumatoid arthritis </B></div> <div> <B>26. Seronegative polyarthritis, conjunctivitis and urethritis in a HLA-B27 positive man are typical of which disease/syndrome? Reiter syndrome </B></div> <div> <B>26. Subchondral osteosclerosis (eburnation) of the proximal tibia, fibrillation of articular cartilage, and osteophyte formation in a 58-year old obese woman with chronic pain around the knee suggests the diagnosis of: Osteoarthritis </B></div> <div> <B>26. Surfaces of the bony trabeculae are covered by a thicker than normal layer of osteoid. Osteomalacia </B></div> <div> <B>26. Synthesis of what extracellular matrix protein by osteoblasts is adversely affected by vitamin C deficiency? Collagen type I </B></div> <div> <B>26. The autosomal dominant form of congenital dwarfism characterized by defective enchondral ossification is called: Achondroplasia </B></div> <div> <B>26. The early callous in a healing factor of the long bones is composed of granulation tissue and: Cartilage/Woven bone </B></div> <div> <B>26. The inflammation of sacroiliac joints in a 20-year old HLA-B27-positive man slowly spread cranially. By the age of 40 years, this process involved the entire vertebral column. This is typical of which disease? Ankylosing spondylitis </B></div> <div> <B>26. The leg of a 10-year old boy was x-rayed and the tibia was found to be expanded by a mass. The tumor was in the diaphysis and appeared to extend from the medulla through the cortex, giving the bone an "onion-skin" appearance. The tumor was composed of small, blue cells with very little cytoplasm. What is the diagnosis? Ewing sarcoma </B></div> <div> <B>26. The most common cause of osteomyelitis today is: Trauma </B></div> <div> <B>26. The presence of long, needle-shaped, negatively birefringent crystals in the fluid removed from the first tarso-metatarsal joint of a 50-year old man with hyperuricemia is diagnostic of: Gout </B></div> <div> <B>26. This neoplasm is one of the family of small, round, blue cell tumors that contain intracellular glycogen and show the reciprocal translocation between chromosomes 11 and 22. Name this tumor. Ewing sarcoma </B></div> <div> <B>26. This tumor is seen in the 4th-6th decades and most commonly involves the axial skeleton. Chondrosarcoma </B></div> <div> <B>26. Tophus is a typical feature of: Gout </B></div> <div> <B>26. Uncoupling of osteoblastic and osteoclastic activity leading to disorganized and excessive bone formation. Paget disease of bone </B></div> <div> <B>26. What are the diagnostic cells in eosinophilic granuloma, Hand-Schuller-Christian disease and Letterer-Siwe disease? Langerhan cells </B></div> <div> <B>26. What bone disease is associated with chronic severe synovitis in patients in the 3rd to 4th decade and may lead to anklyosing of the joint? Rheumatoid arthritis </B></div> <div> <B>26. What common bone disease is associated with estrogen withdrawal? Osteoporosis </B></div> <div> <B>26. What congenital musculoskeletal disease presents with repeated bone fractures, anemia, cranial nerve entrapment, hydrocephalus and marked bone density? Osteopetrosis </B></div> <div> <B>26. What disease occurs predominantly in children and involves focal osteonecrosis (aseptic necrosis)? Legg-Calve-Perthes disease </B></div> <div> <B>26. What disease of bone usually affects the weight bearing joints of the elderly and is due to a progressive loss of articular cartilage over time? Osteoarthritis </B></div> <div> <B>26. What endocrine disorder caused by corticotropic adenomas of the pituitary affects bone? Hyperparathyroidism </B></div> <div> <B>26. What is the most common form of arthropathy in general, and the most likely cause of joint disease in elderly men. Osteoarthritis </B></div> <div> <B>26. What is the most common form of joint disease affecting the hip of men in the 70-80 year age group? Osteoarthritis </B></div> <div> <B>26. What is the most common musculoskeletal complication of psoriasis? Arthritis </B></div> <div> <B>26. Which joint is most often affected in patients with congenital syphilis? Knee </B></div> <div> <B>26. Which serum enzyme is elevated in Paget disease of bones? Alkaline phosphatase</B></div> <bR> </td> </tr></table></body>