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 14
Vowels ~10
Notations |
Dictionary q-ref
Samples |
International Phonetic Alphabet
linear version of this table - ipa values |
 Not
all the systems listed below have a unique phonogram for each of the phonemes
isolated by the IPA [International Phonetic Alphabet]. Quite often
the mid central vowels are merged. The chart does not indicate length.
Some notations [e.g., Ianspel & SAMPA
B] want to have a short snappy version of awe as in odd
to contrast with the longer [awe] in caught. soundfiles. links |
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Writing Sample
This is difficult in IPA because it has so many special characters requiring a special font. K simplified this by using caps for the short vowels and lower case for the long vowels, this took care of 10 of the 14 pure vowels. & can be used for [at] and @ can be used for [ago]. Unifon uses the more intuitive big O for the long o [caps = long vowels] W'ns'pon' taim ð' bju:tif'l do:t' 'v ' greit m'd3iò'n want'd mo:': p':lz tu: put 'm'h h': tre3ju':z."Luk thru: ð' sent': 'v ð' mu:n hwen it iz blu:," sed h'r m'th' in æns': tu: h': kwestò'n, "Ju: mait faind j': ha':tz di:zair."
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35k
an-book flip
Problem areas: contrasting British and American pronunciations
of the short o in odd and bother.
contrasting rhotic and non-rhotic pronunciations of "Don't bother her father"
British: d@unt bQD@ h3 fA:D@
American dOnt bAD@r h3r fAD@r
dcunt boDc hR fqDc
dOnt bqDcr hcr fqDcr
Recommended mergers: q for odd and are, o for loss and cost, R for hRrdcr and hRdc
English has 14 pure vowels and 22 pure consonants according
to most accounts.
There is less disagreement on the minimum number of sound segments
than there
is with respect to what their allophones should be. A phoneme
is a range of
sounds that are treated as the same sound. There will be clear
instances of each
phoneme and pronunciations that are boderline: accepted by
one speech community
and rejected by another. Compare british and american and
southern and northern
british pronunciations of specific words.
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Unigraphic ASCII Transcriptions Unifon II [U2] and SAMPA 24 Consonants
and Combinations (Br./Am.)
Symbol Word Transcriptions p pin
pIn pin
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6
short CHECKED vowels [alpha order]
8 long FREE vowels q A A alms father Amz
qmz fqDc
14 uncombined or pure vowels 4
diphthongs
3 unstressed sounds
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| yu would have to be pronounced iu to be a true diphthongs. Y represents a sound in between a consonant and a vowel. It has attributes of both. Feature charts do not list Y and W as consontal or vocalic. | |
8.5k phono.html
UnifOn II Phonograms
About the only upper case letters that remain in this draft of Unifon
2 is A E IOU QR - T DSC but these
are only slightly oversized in the Unifont. Multiple unifont options
are shown in the first chart. Note the two
possible directions for a new hook vowel. It could look like
a hook [J] or it could look like a W or Omega.
The u2 font is still under development but the shapes shown in these
charts suggest what they might be.
The search is not for novelty or originality but simply familiar shapes
with suggstive sound associations.
The downsized unifon is more about placing the IPA shapes with the
appropriate keys.
Dc kwik braun fqx [fQx] jxmpt [jcmpt] Ovcr Dc lAzy dog [dQg].
There is not much difference between keyboard unifon and keyboard U2.
There is a big difference in the final product.
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U1 |
Syllabics and semi-vowels
Map-ipa
- Alternota
The beautiful princess story in ten notations. |
Alternative
Transcription Systems Phonograms
in Ten Writing Systems Compared
[7] Unifon, IanSpel, m-w, SAMPA, New Romaji, New Alf
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14 Vowels + 4 Diphthongs Key Truespel Unifon Uni2 Spanglish
Ian m-w SAMPA SAMPA-B N-Romaji nYQalF
are aar or
qr aar aa
a:r Ar A:
aar or
ice ies Is
Is ais ais
Is ais ais
ais Is
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| and SAMPA
6 Checked vowels (used as final sound in diphthongs): i I, as in "it"
8 Monophthongs: free vowels E i, as in "eel"
7 Diphthongs: I aI, as in "rise"
c=lazy U or turned u, C=ch
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LINKS
top
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This page is sponsored by
the Lead Balloon Foundation
Developers of Spanglish, a bilingual phonemic transcription system based on the Anglo-Saxon alphabet. Restore the tradtional alphabet for a modern systematic and highy phonemic spelling and writing system- |
6.2k gif need
a reduced version
Motto: keep it simple so all can learn. KISS OFF Complicated
Spelling
Duplicate Versions of the representations 14 pure vowels and compounds
http://angli02.kgw.tu-berlin.de/lexicography/data/Jones/index.html
Quasi linear display of information [one dimensional
rather than two dimensional]
6 Checked vowels (used as final sound in diphthongs):
U2- SAMPA - Sample Word
7 short vowels when RP and GA phonograms are combined
i I, as in "it"
e E, as in "egg"
a {, as in "at"
x V, as in "up"
Q Q, as in "odd" (Br.
only)
q A as in "ah" pot, father,
bother alms [GA],
u U, as in "hook" british
bath, path, [turned a]
8 Monophthongs: free vowels
E i, as in "eel"
A e, as in "ace"
q A, as in "alms" ma, pa, ah [check rhymes] are, car
O o, as in "owe"
o O, as in "awe"
U u, as in "ooze"
c @, as in "ago"
R 3, as in "herd" (Br. only, and there is NO "r" sound involved)
7 Diphthongs:
I aI, as in "rise" ice, eye, my
au aU, as in "rouse" out, cow, owl
oi OI, as in "noise" oil boy oyster
O @U, as in "owe" (Br. only)
ec E@, as in "ale" and "stair" (the
latter, Br.only)
A e as in "ape"
"ale" stair = stecr or ster
ic I@, as in "real" and "fear" (the latter, Br.only)
uc U@, as in "actual" and "cure"(the latter,Br.only)
----------------------------------------------------------------------
N O T A T I O N S
unigraf
digraphic
description
examples
sam uni uni2 ipa
ss
|
I e
}
@.
V.
u
o
A |
i A
a
c
u
u
O
o |
i A
a
c/
V
U
|
i e
æ
'
L
u:
>:
o |
i ei
ae
a
v
uu
oa
o. |
.
high tense front unrnd high lax front unrd mid tense front unrnd
low front [tense] unrounded
low back slightly rounded
low mid tense central unrnd
high tense back rnd guru = gwruu
high mid tense back rnd boat
low mid lax central unrnd turned a |
.
beet bit bait
bat baet
ago about
buzz up
boot
boat
bottle pot |
---------------------------------
Vowels and Combinations (Br./Am.)
6 short CHECKED vowels [alpha order]
U2 S K key
SAMPA U2 TRUESPEL
-- - - -------- -----
--
a { & pat add
p{t pat pat
e E E pet el
pet pet pet
i I I pit ill
pIt pit pit
Q Q A. pot odd
pQt pQt Br ---
q A A pot odd
pAt pqt Am paat
x V V putt up
pVt pxt pct put
v U U put hook
pUt pvt poot
8 long FREE vowels
q A A alms father Amz
qmz fqDc aamz
A e e ace ale
eis As aes
E i i eel east
il El eel
R 3 V" her sir
h3d@ hRrdcr herder
o O O awe taut
tOt tot taut
O @U oat owe
@ut Ot oat
u u: u ooze hoop u:z
uz huep
c @ ago sofa
@g@u cgO uggoe
----------------------------------
A response from David Kelly
c=lazy U or turned u, C=ch
v=hook
V=consonant
x=up ^
X=consonant
7 Checked vowels (slightly different from your list):
a {, as in "at"
q A, as in "alms" odd (American only) fAD@r
e E, as in "egg"
i I, as in "it"
o Q, as in "odd" (Br. only)
x V, as in "up" x looks more like the ipa up sign
^
v U, as in "hook" v looks more like a hook, and the
turned J shape.
7 Monophthongs (slightly different from your list):
c @, as in "ago"
R 3, as in "herd" (Br. only, and there is NO "r" sound involved)
E i, as in "eel" could also be j as in ianspel
A e, as in "ace"
O o, as in "owe"
o O, as in "awe"
u u, as in "ooze"
7 Diphthongs (slightly different from your list):
ai aI, as in "rise"
au U, as in "rouse"
oi OI, as in "noise"
cu @U, as in "owe" (Br. only)
ec E@, as in "stair" (Br. only)
ic I@, as in "real" and "fear" (the latter, Br. only)
uc U@, as in "actual" and "cure" (the latter, Br. only)
David
PS SAMPA "A" has to be added to the checked vowel list because,
as far
as I know, there are no English words ending with the vowel in "alms",
or, for that matter, ending with the vowel in British "odd" (the short
"o").
Let's teach pronunciation guide spelling first. It is simpler
than TO and it provides
a meta language for discussing pronunciation and spelling. As
the notations above
show, it is not that hard to do.
Contrasting British & American English Pronunciation
Other Vowels (Br. vs Am.)
Q Q pot
pQt (Br.) pQt
q A pot
pAt (Am.) pqt
E i: easy
i:zi (Br.) Ezy
E i ease
iz (Am.) Ez
ei eI raise reIz
(Br.) eiz
A e raise
rez (Am.) Az
u: u: lose
lu:z (Br.) luz
u u lose
luz (Am.) luz
cu @U nose
n@Uz (Br.) ncuz
O o nose
noz (Am.) nOz
o: O: cause kO:z
(Br.) ko:z
o O cause
kOz (Am.) koz
Combinations @ and @r
R 3: furs
f3:z (Br.) fRz
Rr 3` furs
f3`z (Am.) fRrz fcrz
c @ corner
"kO:n@ (Br.) kornc
cr @` corner "kOrn@`(Am.)
korncr
q: A: stars stA:z
(Br.) stq:z
q A` stars
stA`z (Am.) stqrz
ic I@ fears fI@z
(Br.) ficz
ir I@` fears fI@`z
(Am.) firz
ec e@ stairs ste@z
(Br.) stecz
er e@` stairs ste@`z (Am.)
sterz
Uc jU@ cures kjU@z
(Br.) kUcz
Ur jU@` cures kjU@`z (Am.)
kUrz
Vowels and Combinations (Br./Am.)
I pit
pIt
e pet
pet
{ pat
p{t
Q pot
pQt
V cut
kVt
U put
pUt
@ allege @"ledZ
aI rise
raIz
OI noise nOIz
aU rouse raUz
i happy
"h{pi
u into
"Intu
Other Vowels (Br. vs Am.)
Q pot
pQt (Br.)
A pot
pAt (Am.)
i: ease
i:z (Br.)
i ease
iz (Am.)
eI raise
reIz (Br.)
e raise
rez (Am.)
u: lose
lu:z (Br.)
u lose
luz (Am.)
@U nose
n@Uz (Br.)
o nose
noz (Am.)
O: cause
kO:z (Br.)
O cause
kOz (Am.)
3: furs
f3:z (Br.)
3` furs
f3`z (Am.)
@ corner
"kO:n@ (Br.)
@` corner "kOrn@`(Am.)
A: stars
stA:z (Br.)
A` stars
stA`z (Am.)
I@ fears
fI@z (Br.)
I@` fears fI@`z
(Am.)
e@ stairs ste@z
(Br.)
e@` stairs ste@`z (Am.)
U@ cures
kjU@z (Br.)
U@` cures kjU@`z
(Am.)
2 Additional
? network ne?w3:k
x loch
lQx
All of these notations are lowercase except nYQalf which is
normally uppercase. SAMPA uses upper case for short vowels
14 Vowels
RP GA GA RP
GA GA
Key Unifon U2
Ian m-w SAMPA SAMPB N-Rom
nYQalF
--- ---- ---- ---- ---- -----
----- ----- ------
at at at
ct aet {t {t
aet aT
el el el
el el El El
el eL
it it it
it it It It
it IT
odd* od qd od
od Ad Qd
od oD
ahs oz qz
aaz a:z Az
aaz oZ
awes ox Qz oz
oz Oz
oz oZ*
hook Ck vk huk
huk hUk hUk huk
HuK
up up xp
ap '&p Vp Vp
ap Up
--- ---- ---- ---- ---- -----
----- ---- ---- 6 short
ago cgO cgO ag6
&gO @"go @"g@U 'agou
Ugo
herd hurd hRd h3d h&rd
h3rd h3:d h'aard HRD
alt hcrd hcrd
ace As As
eis As es eIs
eis AS
eel El El
jl El il i:l
iil EL
awe x o
oo o O
O: oo o oU
all xl ol
ool ol Ol
ool oL
or Or or
oo or Or O@
oor OR
are or qr
aa a:r Ar A:
aar or
owe O O
6 O o
@U ou O OW
ooze Uz uz uuz
u:z uz u:z
uuz QZ
use Yz Uz
yuuz yu:z juz ju:z yuuz
YQZ
--- ---- ---- ---- ---- -----
----- ---- ---- 8 long
14 uncomb
eyes Iz Iz aiz
aiz aiz aiz aiz
iZ
out qt aut aut
aut aUt aUt aut
oWT
boy bQ boi boi
boi bOI bOI boi
BOE
--- ---- ---- ---- ---- -----
----- ---- ---- 3 dif
fire fIr fIr faia
far fxr fqr faa
army ormE qrmy aami
air Ar er
ee
ear Er ir
ia
order Ordc ordc ooda
tour tUr tur tua
our qr aur aua
--- ---- ---- ---- ---- ----
----- ---- ----
TO unifon U2
ian
Case distinctions: nYQalF is mostly upper case
SAMPA uses upper case for short vowels, others use big letters for long
v's
Unigrafic: m-w and N-Romanji are not always unigrafic. e.g., digrafic
aa, oo, ii,
Ianspel Vowels and Diphthongs: the best in terms of economy, consistency
6 Short (checked) Vowels
-- - - -- --------
----- --- --- --------
a (as in putt)
e (as in pet)
i (as in pit )
o (as in pot)
u (as in put)
c ( as in fct kct = TS fat cat)
6 Long (free) Vowels
aa as in haat, aama, faa4a (heart, armour, father)
ee feeri, beeli, kee (fairy,
barely, care)
j (or ii) skjiq, risjv, jtiq (skiing,
receive, eating)
oo koot, floo, loo, brood (caught,
floor, law, broad)
uu fruut, bluu, buut (fruit, blue, boot)
3 3li, b3d, w3m, f3n (early, bird,
worm, fern)
6 Major Difthongs
ai as in ail,
fail, ai (aisle, file, eye)
ei sei, eit, leidi (say, eight, lady)
oi boi, oil, hoist (boy, oil, hoist)
au haus, kau, flaua (house, cow, flower)
iu biuti, fiu, niu (beauty, few, new)
ou (or 6) flout, ounli, k6k6 (float,
only, cocoa)
